Researchers of St Andrew’s University measured the behavioural and brain responses of musicians when performing simple musical tasks. Even playing an instrument at a moderate level improved a person’s ability to detect errors and adjust their responses. Musicians also responded faster than those without musical training. Leader of the study, psychologist Dr Ines Jentzsch, said the results were not surprising, as musicians need to be constantly aware of their performances, continuing to play even if they slip up. “Our study shows that even moderate levels of musical activity can benefit brain functioning,” she said. “Our findings could have important implications as the processes involved are amongst the first to be affected by ageing, as well as a number of mental illnesses such as depression. The research suggests that musical activity could be used as an effective intervention to slow, stop or even reverse age or illness-related decline in mental functioning.”